Cooling by heat transfer
Air conditioners heat pumps use the refrigerant cycle to transfer heat between an inside unit and an outside uint. Heat pumps differ from air conditioners only in the special valve that allows the cycle to reverse, providing either warm or cool air to the inside.
New efficiency standards for central air conditioners take effect in 2015. As with furnaces, the new standards will differ by region, with greater stringency in the South and Southwest than in the North. New central air conditioners sold for installation in the South and Southwest must meet a minimum 14 SEER; for units installed in the North, the 13 SEER minimum remains unchanged. Air-source heat pumps must meet the 14 SEER minimum regardless of where they are installed. In addition, central air conditioners installed in the hot, dry Southwest must meet a minimum 12.2 EER (or 11.7 EER for larger models).
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